What Thailand Was Previously Known As
Thailand, a vibrant and culturally rich country located in Southeast Asia, was known by a different name in its earlier history. Formerly known as Siam, the country underwent a name change in 1939 to reflect its unique heritage and independence. The name change was significant as it symbolized the country’s progress and transition into modern times. This article aims to explore the history behind Thailand’s previous name – Siam – and shed light on the reasons for the change.
The Kingdom of Siam
Siam, meaning “land of the free,” was the name by which Thailand was known for centuries. The region that encompasses present-day Thailand has a long and complex history dating back to prehistoric times. The earliest recorded civilization in the area was the Dvaravati Kingdom, which flourished from the 6th to the 11th centuries. However, it was the Kingdom of Sukhothai, established in the 13th century, that laid the foundation for the modern Thai nation.
The Kingdom of Sukhothai was followed by the Kingdom of Ayutthaya, which emerged as a powerful empire in the 14th century. Ayutthaya became a major trading hub, attracting merchants from various parts of the world. The kingdom reached its peak during the 17th century, but it was eventually destroyed by the Burmese in 1767.
Following the fall of Ayutthaya, a new dynasty called the Chakri Dynasty was established, and the capital was moved to Bangkok. The new rulers managed to expel the Burmese and reunify the country, marking the beginning of modern Thailand. It was during this period that the name Siam gained prominence.
The Name Change
The name change from Siam to Thailand took place on June 24, 1939, during the reign of King Rama IX, also known as King Bhumibol Adulyadej. The decision to change the name was made to project a modern and unified image for the country. Thailand, meaning “land of the free,” was chosen as the new name to reflect the country’s independence and freedom from foreign rule.
The change was also influenced by the nationalist movement of the time, which sought to promote Thai identity and culture. The name Thailand was seen as a way to emphasize the country’s unique heritage and distance itself from the colonial era. Additionally, the new name was perceived as more inclusive, encompassing the various ethnic groups and regions within the country.
FAQs about Thailand’s Name Change:
1. Why was Siam called the “land of the free”?
Siam was known as the “land of the free” due to its history of independence and resistance to foreign domination.
2. When did Thailand officially become known as Siam?
Thailand was officially known as Siam until June 24, 1939, when the name was changed to Thailand.
3. Who was the king during the name change?
King Rama IX, also known as King Bhumibol Adulyadej, was the reigning monarch when the name change took place.
4. What were the reasons behind the name change?
The name change aimed to project a modern and unified image for the country, promote Thai identity, and distance itself from the colonial era.
5. What does the name Thailand mean?
Thailand means “land of the free” and was chosen to reflect the country’s independence and freedom from foreign rule.
6. How did the name change affect the country?
The name change symbolized Thailand’s progress and transition into modern times, emphasizing its unique heritage and inclusivity.
7. Was the name change widely accepted?
The name change faced some initial resistance, but it was eventually widely accepted and recognized both domestically and internationally.
In conclusion, Thailand’s previous name, Siam, holds significant historical and cultural value. The transition to the name Thailand in 1939 marked an important milestone for the country, reflecting its independence, unity, and progress. Today, Thailand continues to thrive under its current name, embracing its diverse culture, rich history, and unique identity.